, Mateusz G a 1,two , Izabela Kurek 1 , Neslihan Dogan-Saglamtimur 3 , Marek

, Mateusz G a 1,two , Izabela Kurek 1 , Neslihan Dogan-Saglamtimur 3 , Marek Hebda 1, and Magdalena
, Mateusz G a 1,2 , Izabela Kurek 1 , Neslihan Dogan-Saglamtimur three , Marek Hebda 1, and Methyl jasmonate Technical Information Magdalena Szechynska-Hebda 4, 2Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technologies, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krak , Poland; [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (C.Z.); [email protected] (S.G.); [email protected] (K.K.); [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (M.G.); [email protected] (I.K.) ATMAT Sp. z o.o., Siwka 17, 31-588 Krak , Poland Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240 Nigde, Turkey; [email protected] Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute–National Analysis Institute, Radzik , 05-870 Blonie, Poland Correspondence: [email protected] (M.H.); [email protected] (M.S.-H.); Tel.: 48-1262-83423 (M.H.)Citation: Marczyk, J.; Ziejewska, C.; Gadek, S.; Korniejenko, K.; Lach, M.; G a, M.; Kurek, I.; Dogan-Saglamtimur, N.; Hebda, M.; Szechynska-Hebda, M. Hybrid Materials Primarily based on Fly Ash, Metakaolin, and Bafilomycin C1 Epigenetic Reader Domain cement for 3D Printing. Components 2021, 14, 6874. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14226874 Academic Editor: Antonino Recca Received: three October 2021 Accepted: 8 November 2021 Published: 15 NovemberAbstract: Nowadays, 1 pretty dynamic development of 3D printing technology is required within the building sector. Nonetheless, the full implementation of this technology calls for the optimization with the entire procedure, beginning from the style of printing tips, and ending using the improvement and implementation of new materials. The article presents, for the first time, the development of hybrid supplies primarily based on a geopolymer or ordinary Portland cement matrix which can be employed for several 3D concrete-printing procedures. Raw materials used in the research had been defined by particle size distribution, distinct surface region, morphology by scanning electron microscopy, Xray diffraction, thermal analysis, radioactivity tests, X-ray fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and leaching. The geopolymers, concrete, and hybrid samples have been described according to compressive strength, flexural strength, and abrasion resistance. The study also evaluates the influence in the liquid-to-solid ratio around the properties of geopolymers, based on fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK). Printing tests from the analyzed mixtures were also carried out and their suitability for many applications related to 3D printing technologies was assessed. Geopolymers and hybrids primarily based on a geopolymer matrix with the addition of 5 cement resulted within the final materials behaving similarly to a non-Newtonian fluid. With no additional treatment options, this sort of material could be effectively used to fill the molds. The hybrid materials based on cement with a five addition of geopolymer, based on both FA and MK, enabled precise detail printing. Keywords and phrases: 3D printing; hybrids; fly ash; concrete; metakaolinPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1. Introduction Throughout the final quite a few decades, the impact of Portland cement on the environment has been the topic of discussion for many researchers [1,2]. Portland cement is usually a standard and indispensable material extensively utilized in construction about the planet [3,4]. On account of its primary advantages, including resistance to fire, rust, and rot, as well as flexibility in molding and shaping, cement is one of the most freq.