Cted our analysis, which compared LAV-1 isolates from both treated andCted our analysis, which compared

Cted our analysis, which compared LAV-1 isolates from both treated and
Cted our analysis, which compared LAV-1 isolates from both treated and untreated patients. The RT and PR enzymes are the most important targets of antiretroviral therapy, and mutations at different positions in the pol gene can confer resistance to different ARVs. Some of the resistance mutations that result from a GA transition confer only low levels of resistance when they appear alone, such as K20R and V32I in PR and D67N and G333A in RT. Other mutations resulting from GA transitions may occur rarely, such as V82T (the preferred mutation in this position is V82A, which results from a TC transition). In RT, V75T which confers resistance toSubstitutionsFigure 2 individuals Numbers of nucleotide substitutions in RT and PR in treated Numbers of nucleotide substitutions in RT and PR in treated individuals. (Values represent means for each transition between patients ?standard error of the mean).Number of SubstitutionsNonresistance Positions In order to ascertain whether the distribution of nucleotide substitutions was related to positions known to confer resistance, we conducted an analysis, which excluded all positions known to be associated with drug resistance. In the untreated group, the mean of GA transitions, ie, 7.1 (95 CI, 6.37.9) was significantly higher than that of AG transitions, ie, 6.1 (95 CI, 5.56.7) (P < .05) (Figure 3). In contrast, the mean of GA transitions in treated patients was 3.5 (95 CI, 2.94.1), which was less than that of AG transitions, ie, 5.1 PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28388412 (95 CI, 4.45.8) (P < .01) (Figure 4). Among patients treated with PIs, the mean of AG transitions was 5.8 (95 CI, 56.6), which was higher than the incidence of the GA transition, ie, 3.6 (95 CI, 2.84.4) (P < .001) (data not shown).(a) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1G G A C T T A C C C T A G G T T A A C T G G C AWe also evaluated the prevalence of resistance-coassociated mutations (as defined by a IAS-USA consensus panel, October 2003) in relation to different nucleotide transitions in 3 groups of treated individuals, ie, patients who had received both PIs and NRTIs, both NNRTIs and NRTIs, or only NRTIs. The different regions of RT and PR were analyzed based on the types of drugs employed in therapy. Among major resistance mutations, 47 of PItreated patients purchase LT-253 harbored the L90M mutation, which results from a TA transversion. In contrast, only 14.7 harbored D30N and PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27663262 11.7 harbored M46I, both of which result from a GA transition. Among all ARV-treated patients, 76.4 harbored M184V and 31.3 harbored K70R, both of which result from aSubstitutionsFigure 3 October patients, excluding positions consensus panel, ance mutations untreated of nucleotide substitutions in responsible for Numbers2003 as defined by a IAS-USART and PR in resistNumbers of nucleotide substitutions in RT and PR in untreated patients, excluding positions responsible for resistance mutations as defined by a IAS-USA consensus panel, October 2003. (Values represent means for each transition between patients ?standard error of the mean.)Page 3 of(page number not for citation purposes)Journal of the International AIDS Society 2005, 7:http://www.jiasociety.org/content/7/1/Table 1: Prevalence of Patients Harboring Different Resistance MutationsRegion sequence d and number of isolates examined GA PR (n = 34) K20R (2.9) D30Na (14.7) V32I (2.90) M36I (29.4) M46I (11.7) A71T (8.8) G73S (11.7) V77I (8.8) V82T (5.8) RT (NRTI) (n = 51) D67N (19.6) V75I (5.9) K65R (0) A62V (0) F77L (0) M41L (21.5) E44A/D (5.8) K219Q (7.8.